SCIENTIFIC SUNDAY SERIES

NEW STUDIES ADDED

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Title:  Epigenetic Modulation of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis by Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

Location in PEMF Global Library: Stem Cell Folder, Neurological Folder
Published: 2014

Applied Frequencies: 1-100 HZ, with a focus on 50Hz
Available in: iMRS Prime Trial
 
Abstract: Throughout life, adult neurogenesis generates new neurons in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus that have a critical role in memory formation. Strategies able to stimulate this endogenous process have raised considerable interest because of their potential use to treat neurological disorders entailing cognitive impairment. We previously reported that mice exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELFEFs) showed increased hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that the ELFEF dependent enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis improves spatial learning and memory
 
Conclusion: Our present study points to ELFEF stimulation as a good tool to enhance hippocampal neurogenesis and improve hippocampal-dependent memory functions in mice. The optimization of stimulation protocol and the characterization of ELFEF’s mechanisms at molecular levels in the animal model appear pivotal for translating results to humans. Our study identifies a novel molecular mechanism responsible for ELFEF-induced enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis, which is of potential relevance for future stem cell-based therapeutic approaches. The discovery of the new CREB/NeuroD1 axis may be also relevant for treatment of brain disorders associated to alterations of these transcription factors.

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Title: Impact of electromagnetic fields on stem cells: common mechanisms at the crossroad between adult neurogenesis and osteogenesis

Location in PEMF Global Library: Stem Cell Folder
Published: 2015

Applied Frequencies: 1-75Hz
Available in: Omnium1 2.0, iMRS Prime, iMRS Prime Trial (above 28.5 HZ)
 
Abstract:   In the recent years, adult neural and mesenchymal stem cells have been intensively investigated as effective resources for repair therapies. In vivo and in vitro studies have provided insights on the molecular mechanisms underlying the neurogenic and osteogenic processes in adulthood. This knowledge appears fundamental for the development of targeted strategies to manipulate stem cells. Here we review recent literature dealing with the effects of electromagnetic fields on stem cell biology that lends support to their use as a promising tool to positively influence the different steps of neurogenic and osteogenic processes. We will focus on recent studies revealing that extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis by inducing epigenetic modifications on the regulatory sequences of genes responsible for neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Considering the emerging critical role played by chromatin modifications in maintaining the stemness as well as in regulating stem cell differentiation, we will also attempt to exploit epigenetic changes that can represent common targets for electromagnetic field effects on neurogenic and osteogenic processes.

Conclusion: With regard to neurogenesis and ostegenesis it is becoming increasingly clear that these processes rely on the activation of specific and complex transcriptional programs whose regulation may provide a cellular candidate for therapeutic intervention. In this context epigenetic mechanisms play a critical regulatory role translating a wide array of endogenous and exogenous signals into persistent changes in gene expression in both NSCs and MSCs. ELFEF stimulation has been recognized as effective tool in promoting both neurogenesis and osteogenesis and studies performed so far on NSCs point to chromatin remodeling as a critical determinant in ELFEF’s induced pro-neuronal gene expression. The literature here reviewed suggests that epigenetic regulation of bone-related gene may seemingly mediate the effects exerted by EFs on osteogenesis.

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Title: Impact of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on human postural control

Location in PEMF Global Library: Parkinson’s Folder, MS Folder
Published: 2019

Applied Frequencies: Various Hz from 1-100HZ. Focus on Extremely low.
Available in: Omnium1 2.0 (.5-28Hz), iMRS Prime (.5-28Hz), iMRS Prime Trial (full range)
 
Abstract: Studies have found that extremely low-frequency (ELF,less than 300Hz) can modulate standing balance; however, the acute balance effects of high flux densities in tis frequency range have not been systematically investigated yet.

Conclusion: The main aim of this study was to explore the effects of a time-varying magnetic field exposure (including the power frequency) on human postural control. Since this effect is hypothesized to be mediated by the induced electric field in the vestibular system, AC electric stimulations (ACGVS) were also studied. DC electric stimulation known as DC-GVS was used as a positive control. The first important result was the confirmation that the positive control condition elicited the expected effects. Indeed, DC-GVS produced a de-stabilizing effect on the volunteers both in time domain characteristics (increased path length, area, coronal velocity) and frequency domain characteristics [increased absolute power density spectrum in both low frequency band (0–0.5 Hz) and medium frequency band (0.5–2 Hz)]. More importantly, this effect was confirmed as dependent on the side to which the stimulation occurred. These results were similar to previous findings of DC-GVS postural control modulations. Previous studies using weaker fields, but longer exposure durations reported that ELF MFs may modulate postural stability, revealing an effect on standing balance. Therefore, in future studies, it might be more appropriate to investigate lower frequencies (1–10 Hz), which the vestibular system might be more sensitive to, as suggested by the findings of Hlavacka and Njiokiktjien (1985). 

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Title:  The effect of prolonged exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields on mechanical activity of isolated aorta of male rats

Location in PEMF Global Library: Cardiovascular Folder
Published: 2021

Applied Frequencies: 50Hz
Available in: iMRS Prime Trial
 
Abstract: Electromagnetic fields (EMF) have been proposed to affect cardiovascular system. This study was designed to assess the effects of long term exposure of extremely low frequency EMF of 100 and 500 µT on vascular activity in rats
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Conclusion: It seems that prolong exposure to LF- EMF alter vascular response to vasoactive factors via adrenergic receptor pathways